Gran Canaria, Canary Islands

Volcano Type: Fissure vents
Volcano Status: Radiocarbon
Last Known Eruption: 20 BC ± 75 years
Summit Elevation: 1950 m    6,398 feet
Latitude: 28.00°N    28°0’0″N
Longitude: 15.58°W    15°35’0″W

The largely Miocene-to-Pliocene island of Gran Canaria in the middle of the Canary archipelago has been strongly eroded into steep-walled radial gorges called barrancos. Three major volcanic structures form the circular 60-km-wide island, which has been modified by caldera collapse, gravitational edifice failure, and extensive erosion.

Middle Quaternary scoria cones and lava flows are found in the northern and eastern parts of the massive shield volcano, which is cut by a major NW-SE-trending rift zone that extends across the island and fed flows primarily to the NE. Very young basaltic cones and lava flows of Holocene age are situated within a NW-trending zone from Berrazales to Bandama and at Las Isletas, a peninsula on the NE coast. One cinder cone was radiocarbon dated at about 3000 years before present, and other cones and flows may be less than 1000 years old.

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Originally posted 2010-10-04 15:28:13.

Lanzarote, Canary Islands

Lanzarote Volcanoes

Volcano Type:      Fissure vents
Volcano Status:    Historical
Last Known Eruption:     1824
Summit Elevation:     670 m     2,198 feet
Latitude:     29.03°N     29°2’0″N
Longitude:     13.63°W     13°38’0″W

Lanzarote Volcano

Lanzarote Volcano

The 60-km-long island of Lanzarote at the NE end of the Canary Islands contains the largest concentration of youthful volcanism in the Canaries. Pleistocene-and-Holocene cinder cones and lava flows erupted along NE-SW-trending fissures are found throughout the low-altitude arid island and on smaller islands to the north. The largest historical eruption of the Canary Islands took place during 1730-36, when long-term eruptions from a NE-SW-trending fissure formed the Montañas del Fuego and produced voluminous lava flows that covered about 200 sq km. The lava flows reached the western coast along a broad, 20-km-wide front. The villages of Maretas and Santa Catalina were destroyed, along with the most fertile valleys and estates of the arid island. An eruption during 1824 produced a much smaller lava flow that reached the SW coast.

Lanzarote Volcano (Stephen Curtis)

Lanzarote Volcano (Stephen Curtis)

Lanzarote Volcano (KA. Dimitropoulos)

Lanzarote Volcano (KA. Dimitropoulos)

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Originally posted 2010-09-06 12:51:02.

Fuerteventura, Canary Islands

Fuerteventura

Volcano Type:      Fissure vents
Volcano Status:    Holocene
Last Known Eruption:     Unknown
Summit Elevation:     529 m     1,736 feet
Latitude:     28.358°N     28°21’30″N
Longitude:     14.02°W     14°1’0″W

Pleistocene and Holocene cinder cones and lava flows cover large portions of elongated Fuerteventura Island at the SE end of the Canary Islands. The youngest lavas are found at the northern and central portions of the arid, sparsely vegetated island. Malpais de la Arena, the Northern Malpais, and the Lobos Island areas at the northern tip of Fuerteventura are the sites of broad fields of youthful cinder cones and lava flows. The Malpais Chico, Malpais Grande, and Malpais de Jacomar areas on the south-central part of the island represent smaller zones of youthful volcanism, as do the volcanoes of Pajara, which were constructed on the older plutonic massif west of the axis of the island. No historical eruptions have occurred on Fuerteventura.

Fuerteventura Island

Fuerteventura Island

Along the shores

Along the shores

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Originally posted 2010-09-06 12:34:42.

Tenerife, Canary Islands

Tenerife

Volcano Type:      Stratovolcano
Volcano Status:    Historical
Last Known Eruption:     1909
Summit Elevation:     3715 m     12,188 feet
Latitude:     28.271°N     28°16’17″N
Longitude:     16.641°W     16°38’27″W

The large triangular island of Tenerife is composed of a complex of overlapping Miocene-to-Quaternary stratovolcanoes that have remained active into historical time. The NE-trending Cordillera Dorsal volcanic massif joins the Las Cañadas volcano on the SW side of Tenerife with older volcanoes, creating the largest volcanic complex of the Canary Islands. Controversy surrounds the formation of the dramatic 10 x 17 km Las Cañadas caldera, which is partially filled by 3715-m-high Teide stratovolcano, the highest peak in the Atlantic Ocean. The origin of the caldera has been variably considered to be due to collapse following multiple major explosive eruptions or as a result of a massive landslide (in a manner similar to the earlier formation of the massive La Orotava and Guimar valleys), or a combination of the two processes. The most recent stage of activity beginning in the late Pleistocene included the construction of the Pico Viejo and Teide edifices. Tenerife was perhaps observed in eruption by Christopher Columbus, and several flank vents on the Canary Island’s most active volcano have been active during historical time.

Tenerife's volcanic landscape

Tenerife's volcanic landscape

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Originally posted 2010-08-31 04:43:40.